American Hot Wax dramatizes the collision between Alan Freed’s rebellious radio persona and the increasingly anxious music industry of the late 1950s. Freed had enormous influence: a record could become a national hit simply because he chose to play it on his WROL program. Record promoters and managers therefore constantly besieged him, and the film depicts him refusing to sign a station statement claiming he had never accepted anything in return for broadcasting a record. Freed’s position was brutally candid—he regarded the declaration as a lie because payola, the covert payment or inducement of disc jockeys to play particular records, was widespread throughout the business. He also refused pressure to replace controversial rock performances with safer, more commercially respectable acts such as Pat Boone, continuing to play songs like Little Richard’s “Tutti Frutti” even when station executives had banned them.
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