Sammy Davis Jr. and Black Caesar / 1970s
Black Caesar began as a vehicle for Sammy Davis Jr., who wanted a starring role that would move him beyond the supporting and comic-partner position he often occupied alongside Frank Sinatra and Dean Martin. Davis commissioned writer-director Larry Cohen to develop a gangster story modeled on Little Caesar, imagining Davis as a physically small but ambitious hoodlum climbing through Harlem's underworld. Cohen wrote the treatment and was paid $10,000, but when the time came to move the project forward, Davis was unable to pay for the next stage of the work because of trouble with the Internal Revenue Service. The stalled project was then taken to Samuel Z. Arkoff at American International Pictures, which was seeking an action film built around a Black star. AIP financed Cohen's concept, but the lead ultimately went to the far more physically imposing former football player Fred Williamson. Williamson's handsome, swaggering screen presence changed the film from Cohen's original 'little guy' gangster idea into the image of a sharply dressed Harlem crime boss. The episode illustrates how personal tax problems, financing realities, and the rapid economics of exploitation cinema could abruptly redirect a star vehicle before production even began.
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