When The Devils reached audiences in 1971, its combination of nudity, sexual frenzy, torture, religious imagery, and the infamous desecration of a crucifix provoked an unusually severe censorship battle. The film received an X rating in both Britain and the United States, was banned outright in several countries, and was heavily cut in others. The controversy did not disappear after its theatrical release: edited versions circulated sporadically on home video and television, while Russell’s preferred version remained difficult to see officially. A director’s cut finally received a British theatrical release in 2002, but the film continued to be largely absent from legitimate home-media distribution. The long afterlife of the censorship dispute helped transform The Devils from a condemned shock picture into one of cinema’s canonical examples of institutional suppression and artistic controversy.
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