Saul Levitt’s The Andersonville Trial opened at Henry Miller’s Theatre in New York on December 29, 1959, dramatizing the 1865 court-martial of Confederate prison commander Henry Wirz, whose Andersonville camp had become notorious for the deaths and suffering of thousands of Union prisoners. The production was directed by José Ferrer and featured George C. Scott as War Department prosecutor Norton P. Chipman, Herbert Berghof as Wirz, and Ian Keith as Dr. John C. Bates, an Andersonville camp surgeon whose testimony was crucial to the prosecution’s case about the prisoners’ horrific conditions. During the play’s 179-performance run, Keith died, abruptly removing one of the production’s key witnesses from the stage. He was replaced in the role by Douglas Herrick, allowing the acclaimed courtroom drama to continue, but the death became the production’s most unsettling real-life tragedy: a play about wartime mortality was itself marked by the loss of a principal cast member while still in performance. The incident is documented in accounts of the Broadway production, though the source does not specify Keith’s cause of death.
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