Perry Ray Robinson, an African American former prizefighter and civil-rights activist who had marched with Martin Luther King Jr. and helped organize the 1968 Poor People's Campaign, traveled from Alabama to South Dakota in 1973 to support the American Indian Movement's occupation of Wounded Knee. He hoped to connect the Black freedom struggle with Native American sovereignty, but his nonviolent background and status as an outsider reportedly made him suspect inside the heavily armed occupation. The settlement was under siege, short of food, subjected to constant surveillance and sporadic gunfire, and governed by strict AIM security teams. After roughly a week, witnesses said Robinson became involved in a heated dispute over strategy and discipline. One FBI interview later described him being escorted to a house, seizing a butcher knife, and then being shot at close range; the witness claimed Robinson's lower leg violently twisted as he fell. Other accounts alleged that he was shot in both legs, beaten, dragged to the makeshift medical clinic, and left bleeding in a closet or bunker while the occupation continued. AIM figures gave contradictory explanations: Dennis Banks denied knowing him, while later statements attributed to Banks and other participants described Robinson as having provoked a confrontation and dying because the besieged group could not treat him. Still other activists claimed reservation vigilantes known as GOONs were responsible, and some AIM members allegedly suspected Robinson of being an FBI informant.
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