Bad Charleston Charlie drew loosely and heavily fictionalized from the life of Shachna Itzik "Charlie" Birger, a former soldier, cowboy, coal miner, and saloon keeper who entered bootlegging after Prohibition began in 1920. Birger fought the Shelton Brothers Gang for control of illicit liquor in southern Illinois and, for a time, even joined forces with his rivals against the Ku Klux Klan, whose local power threatened the criminal economy. After the Klan was driven from Williamson County in 1925 and 1926, the feud resumed. Birger eventually learned that West City mayor Joe Adams was helping the Sheltons, threatened him, and ordered his murder. Arrested in June 1927, Birger was convicted and hanged in April 1928 in Benton, Illinois. His execution became notorious as the last public hanging in Illinois, giving the supposedly comic 1973 film a grim historical foundation that was far more violent than its bumbling-gangster tone suggested.
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