Bright Lights, Big City nearly collapsed during production because United Artists became alarmed by the film's direction—and by the danger of associating Michael J. Fox's wholesome television image with cocaine, heavy drinking, and sexualized Manhattan nightlife. Director Joyce Chopra and writer Tom Cole had been hired after a long development process involving Jerry Weintraub, Joel Schumacher, Tom Cruise, Sydney Pollack, and Mark Rosenberg, but Cole's draft removed the drugs from the story. Jay McInerney later said the screenplay had been stripped of the novel's central darkness, while Cole maintained that he did so under pressure from Pollack, who feared damaging Fox's clean-cut appeal to American audiences. The studio's anxiety was so pronounced that, only a week after filming began, United Artists' chairman and president of production flew from Los Angeles to New York to inspect the project—despite neither executive having read the script or understood how far it had diverged from McInerney's book.
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