Born Yesterday had been Garson Kanin’s theatrical hit of 1946, and Kanin had written the role of Billie Dawn with Jean Arthur in mind. When the Broadway run made a sensation with the much younger Judy Holliday in the part, Columbia Pictures boss Harry Cohn proved stubborn: he simply would not accept the idea of an untested New York comic playing the lead in his studio’s film adaptation. The pushback set off a quiet campaign in Hollywood. Kanin — backed by director George Cukor and stars Spencer Tracy and Katharine Hepburn — arranged for Holliday to be showcased in Adam’s Rib (1949) to elevate her profile in Tinseltown, and pressured Columbia into at least giving Holliday a screen test. Cohn initially treated the test as merely a benchmark against other contenders, but public and peer momentum forced him to relent. The gambit paid off spectacularly: Holliday repeated Billie Dawn on film (1950), won the first Golden Globe for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy and the Academy Award for Best Actress at the 23rd Oscars. The episode illustrates the iron grip studio chiefs like Cohn had — and the rare occasion when a constellation of creative heavyweights could steer casting against executive resistance.
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