In 1928 Nicholas Schenck brokered Buster Keaton's move from independent production to Metro‑Goldwyn‑Mayer — a deal Keaton later called the worst business decision of his life. Under MGM he was no longer the autonomous writer‑director‑star but a salaried commodity in a factory system run by Irving Thalberg and, increasingly during Thalberg's medical leave, Louis B. Mayer. Scripts, budgets, casting and even dangerous stunts were tightly controlled; Keaton was forced to accept studio story properties (Parlor, Bedroom and Bath), to use stunt doubles at the studio’s insistence, and to shoot multiple phonetically memorized foreign versions of films. The artistic frustration contributed to a descent into heavy drinking, erratic behavior, and costly absences. Tensions culminated in 1932–33 when Mayer clashed with Keaton over a wild dressing‑room party — Mayer reportedly entered the trailer, was ordered out by Keaton, and then ordered Keaton off studio property. Shortly after completing retakes on What! No Beer? Keaton was fired in 1933, a bitter end to his tenure at Hollywood’s most powerful studio and a classic example of how the studio system chewed up independent talent.
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