The success of Wakefield Poole’s 1971 Boys in the Sand transformed Casey Donovan from an adult-film performer into an underground celebrity. The film’s unprecedented theatrical promotion and mainstream attention made Donovan one of the most recognizable faces of the early gay-porn era, even though that fame never translated into a conventional film career. He toured nationally in the gay-themed stage play Tubstrip, attempted to produce a revival of The Ritz, and used his celebrity to work as a high-priced prostitute while remaining a bankable performer in adult films. Donovan and Poole later reunited for Boys in the Sand II, filmed on Fire Island in 1984, but litigation delayed its release until 1986, by which time the home-video boom had flooded the market with competing gay-porn titles and the sequel failed to recreate the original’s impact. Donovan continued appearing in adult films for roughly fifteen years after the landmark original, but died in 1987 from an AIDS-related illness, making his story emblematic of both the brief cultural visibility created by the era of porno chic and the devastating AIDS crisis that cut through the gay entertainment world in the 1980s.
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