On December 6, 1969, the Rolling Stones' free concert at California's Altamont Speedway became one of the darkest episodes in rock history. The event had been hastily arranged after the Stones committed to a San Francisco-area performance, and security was assigned to the Hells Angels, reportedly in exchange for beer and a position near the stage. The Angels arrived armed with pool cues, and as alcohol, drugs, overcrowding, and mounting hostility transformed the audience, violence repeatedly erupted. Jefferson Airplane's Marty Balin was knocked unconscious, prompting Paul Kantner to challenge the Angels from the stage while Grace Slick pleaded with both the crowd and the bikers to stop escalating the chaos. The Grateful Dead arrived but declined to perform after hearing what had happened.
During the Stones' set, 18-year-old Meredith Hunter tried to move toward the stage and was struck by members of the Hells Angels. As the confrontation intensified, Hunter produced a revolver. Hells Angel Alan Passaro grabbed Hunter's gun hand and stabbed him at least twice in the back; Hunter suffered at least six stab wounds and died. The filmmakers' cameras recorded the killing, including the brief silhouette of the handgun against the crocheted vest of Hunter's girlfriend, Patty Bredehoft. Passaro was charged with murder, but jurors later acquitted him after viewing the footage and considering evidence that Hunter had been armed and that methamphetamine was present in his blood. Gimme Shelter made the incident an indelible visual symbol of the counterculture's collapse, turning what had been promoted as a free celebration of peace into a stark record of communal violence.
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