The production encountered opposition before audiences ever saw the movie. Its original title, Nobody Loves a Drunken Indian, was regarded by local Native Americans as a degrading description rather than a pointed piece of social criticism, particularly because the film was being shot in and near pueblo communities in New Mexico. Protests followed the production on location, forcing a series of title changes: the project was first retitled Nobody Loves Flapping Eagle and was ultimately shortened to Flap. The controversy reflected the film's central contradiction. Producer Jerry Adler and director Sir Carol Reed intended to avoid the familiar Hollywood Western stereotype of the uniformly noble or savage Indian, while the story also used broad comic behavior, heavy drinking, and Anthony Quinn's deliberately bumbling performance. After release, that tension remained unresolved: some viewers praised the film for exposing the poverty, broken treaty promises, and police abuses facing Native Americans, while other Native critics said it turned Indian rights into a joke and made its characters look foolish. Quinn's use of mannerisms associated with his earlier ethnic roles, including echoes of his Zorba the Greek persona, intensified the criticism.
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