Abbott and Costello’s decline was not caused by a single flop but by a combination of personal instability and an exhausting studio-era production machine. Both men were described as compulsive gamblers: Costello attended horse races and even raised horses at his Canoga Park ranch, while Abbott, who suffered from epilepsy, turned to alcohol in an attempt to manage his seizures. Costello was repeatedly weakened by near-fatal bouts of rheumatic fever, including relapses that sidelined the team for months. Meanwhile, Universal and other distributors kept the act in constant circulation—often releasing two new films a year while reissuing older hits and repeating familiar routines on radio, television, and the Colgate Comedy Hour. Writers later recalled that the pair became afraid to perform new material. The emergence of Dean Martin and Jerry Lewis exposed how badly the act had been overworked, and the resulting financial and health pressures helped lead to their formal dissolution in 1957.
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