John Alan Schwartz’s 1978 mondo shocker was sold as a documentary, but its apparent authority was carefully manufactured. Schwartz wrote and directed the film under the pseudonyms Alan Black and Conan Le Cilaire, while Michael Carr played the supposedly scholarly pathologist Francis B. Gröss. The production reportedly cost only $450,000, yet it assembled a disturbing mixture of purchased news footage, medical and war imagery, morgue material, crime-scene documentation, and newly staged sequences. Roughly 60 percent of the film was described as authentic or sourced from real events, but the narrative structure encouraged viewers to assume that nearly everything on screen was genuine.
The special-effects team, led by Douglas White and Allen Apone, was initially given almost no information about the project. They watched hundreds of hours of news footage and studied crime-scene photographs before designing the alligator attack, police shootout, decapitation, monkey-brain dinner, and cannibalistic-cult sequences. The electric-chair execution was staged with a fake chair, toothpaste standing in for saliva, and electrical sounds added later. Animal sequences were also frequently fabricated: the apparent dog fight used two dogs covered in theatrical blood, the monkey’s brains were cauliflower, and seals were choreographed so they would not actually be injured. The film’s most unsettling genuine moment was reportedly accidental: while the crew was filming litter on a beach, a dead surfer washed ashore and beachgoers began raising an alarm. The result became a box-office success, reportedly earning more than $35 million worldwide, even as later filmmakers and publicity campaigns cultivated the myth that every horrifying image was real.
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