When Sony released 21 in 2008 — a glossy feature inspired by Ben Mezrich’s 2003 book Bringing Down the House — it ignited a very modern Hollywood scandal: the deliberate ‘whitewashing’ of a story rooted in a mostly Asian-American MIT blackjack team. The film’s lead role went to London-born Jim Sturgess (who required a dialect coach), while most of the protagonists in Mezrich’s account were Asian Americans. That mismatch touched off a cascade of public rebukes: the Media Action Network for Asian Americans (MANAA) publicly criticized the casting, Entertainment Weekly hosted debates online, and bloggers attacked Jeff Ma — the real-life consultant on the movie and the inspiration for the character Ben Campbell — labeling him a “race traitor” for not insisting his on-screen analogue be Asian-American. Ma pushed back in interviews (notably with USA Today), saying he’d had little control over casting decisions and arguing the furor was overblown, while also conceding that many cinematic plot elements — a father’s death and a fabricated romance with Kate Bosworth’s character among them — were pure invention.
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