David Lynch's film entered production while Bernard Pomerance's stage play The Elephant Man was enjoying a major Broadway run after opening in 1977 and becoming a successful theatrical property by 1979. Although the film was based on Frederick Treves's 1923 memoir and Ashley Montagu's 1971 study—not on Pomerance's play—the shared title triggered a legal confrontation. The play's producers sued Mel Brooks's company, Brooksfilms, over the use of The Elephant Man as the film's title. Brooks responded with a countersuit arguing that the title referred to a historical public figure and therefore belonged in the public domain. The dispute illustrates the commercial anxiety surrounding a story that existed simultaneously as a prestige film, a Broadway success, and a recognizable historical brand. The available account does not state the final legal resolution, but the film retained its title and was released as The Elephant Man in 1980.
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