Floyd Mutrux originally wrote Freebie and the Bean as a comparatively straight crime drama about two corrupt San Francisco detectives protecting a racketeer from assassins. After Warner Bros. hired Richard Rush, the director and screenwriter Robert Kaufman rebuilt the project around the antagonistic friendship between James Caan and Alan Arkin. In improvisational sessions before filming, Rush encouraged the actors to turn the relationship into something closer to a violently dysfunctional marriage, with Caan's reckless Freebie and Arkin's neurotic Bean constantly needling one another. The change was so radical that even the performers were unsure what kind of film they were making. Arkin later said he had not seen the comedy in the script, while Caan said he never knew what Rush wanted; by the end of the eleven-week 1973 shoot, both actors were reportedly confused about the movie's purpose. Their uncertainty was intensified by the production's punishing action design, including repeated destruction of unmarked police cars, a chase filmed on San Francisco's elevated Embarcadero Freeway, and a stunt in which the detectives' vehicle crashes into the third floor of an apartment building. Rush deliberately shifted between cartoon violence and shocking realism, including a moment in which a speeding car plows through a marching band of children, forcing audiences to question what they had been laughing at. Critics later attacked the film as incoherent and tasteless, although its improvised friction became an important early model for later buddy-cop movies such as 48 Hrs., Lethal Weapon, and Beverly Hills Cop.
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