Patrick Leigh Fermor & William Stanley Moss / Abduction of General Heinrich Kreipe / 1940s
One of the most cinematic episodes to emerge from the Battle of Crete was not a set-piece on a studio backlot but a real-life kidnap pulled off in April 1944 by a handful of British SOE officers and Cretan partisans. Patrick Leigh Fermor and William Stanley (Billy) Moss, working with local guides and resistance fighters, stopped the car of General Heinrich Kreipe, the German commander on Crete, spirited him away from his headquarters, and then hid and moved him through the island’s maze of villages and mountain tracks. The audacity of slipping a German general out from under occupation forces, moving him for weeks across hostile terrain, and finally getting him off the island to Allied hands turned the participants into postwar legends — immortalized in Moss’s book Ill Met by Moonlight and Michael Powell’s 1957 film of the same name. The story both embarrassed the German command and became a morale-boosting mythos for occupied Greece; survivors and participants (including Leigh Fermor, who recounts the operation in the documentary The 11th Day: Crete 1941) have long debated and embellished the finer points, which has helped the episode lodge in popular memory as one of World War II’s most improbable small-unit feats.
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