In 1915 J. Stuart Blackton traded his reputation as a pioneering animator for a lightning-rod political feature when he produced The Battle Cry of Peace. The film argued passionately that the United States should join the Allies in Europe and was overtly militaristic; it drew the open backing of former President Theodore Roosevelt. Roosevelt’s involvement escalated matters beyond ordinary publicity — he personally convinced General Leonard Wood to loan Blackton an entire regiment of U.S. Marines to serve as extras, a stunt that blurred the lines between filmmaking and government endorsement. Upon release the film ignited a controversy comparable in scale and moral fury to D. W. Griffith’s The Birth of a Nation, with critics calling it propaganda rather than entertainment and sparking public debate about cinema’s role in shaping foreign policy and public opinion.
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