In an unusual and embittering run of events that exposed the fault line between politics and artistry in New Hollywood, Haskell Wexler was dismissed from Miloš Forman's 1975 production One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest and replaced by Bill Butler — a repeat of an earlier firing on Francis Ford Coppola's The Conversation. Wexler always believed the Cuckoo's Nest sacking had less to do with light meters and more to do with politics: at the time he was concurrently making Underground, a documentary that sympathetically recorded interviews with members of the Weather Underground while they were in hiding. Forman publicly insisted the split was down to "artistic differences," but the episode became notorious because both Wexler and his replacement Bill Butler ended up receiving Academy Award nominations for cinematography on the same film — a rare, surreal awards footnote. Wexler later asserted he had shot almost the entire picture, saying there was "only about a minute or two" he didn't photograph. The affair gnawed at reputations on both sides — it fed narratives of blackballing and Cold War–era political retribution in Hollywood even as it raised practical questions about director–cinematographer control and credit when productions change hands midstream.
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