Days of Heaven's celebrated imagery concealed a bitter professional dispute. Néstor Almendros established the film's painterly look with Malick, modeling the photography on silent cinema and the work of Johannes Vermeer, Edward Hopper, Andrew Wyeth, and early photojournalists. Almendros was gradually losing his sight during production and, because union rules prevented him from operating the camera, relied on assistants to make Polaroids of setups that he then studied through powerful glasses. His working method was demanding and unconventional, but Malick supported him as the film stripped away studio lighting in favor of natural illumination.
The schedule ran so late that Almendros and camera operator John Bailey had to leave for François Truffaut's The Man Who Loved Women. Haskell Wexler was brought in to finish the picture and ultimately shot roughly half of the finished film, carefully matching Almendros's style while adding a few handheld and diffused shots of his own. Yet Wexler received only an 'additional photography' credit, denying him eligibility for the Academy Award for Best Cinematography. He wrote critic Roger Ebert a letter describing how he had sat in a theater with a stopwatch to demonstrate that more than half the footage was his. Wexler later softened his position, acknowledging that Almendros had created the film's governing visual language and deserved the principal credit; Almendros ultimately won the Oscar.
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