Mediterraneo (1991), Dir. Gabriele Salvatores / 1990s
When Gabriele Salvatores's Mediterraneo won the 1992 Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film it did more than coronate a sun-drenched picture of misfit Italian soldiers on a Greek isle — it threw a spotlight back onto a long-standing national narrative, the myth of Italiani brava gente ("Italians, good people"). The film — written by Enzo Monteleone and loosely adapted from Renzo Biasion's 1954 memoir Sagapò and filmed on Kastellórizo — deliberately depicts Italian troops in World War II as hapless, harmless buffoons who fall into pastoral life and consensual romances with local women. That depiction echoed and helped popularize a sentimental version of history that many historians have since identified as a form of collective amnesia: the omission of well-documented brutalities during the Axis occupation of Greece, including village burnings, summary shootings of civilians, and sexual violence perpetrated by Italian units in the Aegean and elsewhere.
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