Principal photography for The Blue Bird ran from January 20 through August 11, 1975, amid conditions that the non-Russian cast found extraordinarily harsh. The production moved through Moscow and Leningrad during severe weather, while communication between the English-speaking performers and Russian crews was so difficult that George Cukor often resorted to improvised sign language. Food was reportedly so poor that James Coco, originally cast as Tylo, could tolerate little more than bread and butter. He eventually suffered a gall bladder attack and had to leave the film, forcing a replacement. Elizabeth Taylor continued working while battling amoebic dysentery, adding a serious medical ordeal to an already unstable shoot. The accumulating illnesses, language barriers, delays, and logistical problems helped turn the supposedly glamorous Cold War co-production into a production nightmare. After delays extended the schedule by a month, 20th Century Fox removed Edward Lewis as producer and replaced him with Paul Maslansky, who had Soviet filming experience from The Red Tent and spoke Russian.
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