Robert S. McNamara / 1968
The Fog of War notes a terse but revealing detail about the end of McNamara’s tenure as Secretary of Defense: in 1968 he left the Pentagon and became president of the World Bank, yet contemporaneous accounts and memory frame his departure ambiguously—he “resigned (or was fired).” Morris includes this parenthetical ambiguity to signal the fraught political climate surrounding McNamara’s stewardship of the Vietnam War. In the film McNamara stresses that ultimate responsibility rested with the president, and he suggests the arc of events might have differed had Kennedy lived; the ambiguity over whether he voluntarily stepped down or was pushed signals the private and public conflict over blame that haunted Washington. The contested nature of his exit became part of the larger scandal around decision‑making in the Vietnam years and shaped McNamara’s own attempts at retrospective moral accounting in later books and interviews.
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